14.10.2024 
Spain is located in the southwest of Europe and is washed by the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The climate here is surprisingly diverse due to the impressive length of the country from north to south and the extensive mountain system. That is why the question of where it is better to live in Spain always requires a detailed analysis of the weather and the peculiarities of a particular region. In this article, we will analyze the main climatic zones, their pros and cons, and also give practical recommendations on choosing a region for holidays, buying property in Spain and even for permanent residence.
Main climatic zones of Spain
Due to the complex terrain and the influence of different water areas (Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea), the climate of Spain is conventionally divided into three large zones:
- Northern – mild winter, moderate summer, high rainfall.
- Central – pronounced continental climate, hot summers and dry cold winters.
- Southern and eastern – classic Mediterranean climate with hot dry summers and short mild winters.
In addition, there are island regions (Balearic and Canary Islands) with their own climatic features. As a result, Spain can offer almost any weather format - from subtropical heat to cool and rainy summers.
Climate of the northern regions
The north of Spain is strongly influenced by the Atlantic. The maritime climate prevails here, which provides a large amount of precipitation, mild winters and not too hot summers. On the beaches, the water temperature in July-August can reach +20…+22 °C, however, strong winds and small temperature changes make this region the most “European” in terms of weather. The area is very green and picturesque, which makes the region attractive to those who appreciate nature and the change of seasons. However, for lovers of real heat and the high beach season, the northern part of Spain may seem cool.
Central part: continental conditions
In the center of the country (regions of Castilla-La Mancha, Madrid, Castilla y León, etc.) the continental climate dominates. Summers here are hot and winters are cold, but there is less rainfall than in the north. Temperatures in July can reach +35…+40 °C, and in winter, values close to 0 °C are not uncommon. Due to the distance from the sea and the influence of the mountains, noticeable daily temperature changes are frequent. This region is chosen by those who are looking for job opportunities in large cities of Spain, and not just a beach holiday. If you are planning to immigrate to Spain for permanent residence and for your children to study, it is worth considering the hot months and preparing in time for a long summer season with the use of air conditioners.
South and east: Mediterranean sun
The southern and eastern coasts – Andalusia, Murcia, the Valencian Community, Catalonia – are famous for their Mediterranean climate. Hot and sunny summers can last for several months. The beach season begins in May and lasts until October, and in some resorts – until November. The average water temperature in August often reaches +25…+27 °C, but due to the high air temperature, the sensation of swimming can be more contrasting. Winters here are short and mild, with frequent temperatures around +15…+18 °C. The dry period and rare rains are the main “pain” of people sensitive to too hot a climate, but for most of those who want to move for permanent residence, this part of Spain seems “paradise.”
Islands: Canary and Balearic
The Canary Islands are rightfully considered a place of “eternal summer”. The average air temperature ranges from +20…+28 °C all year round, and the water does not cool below +19…+20 °C. You can swim here almost any time, and there are no droughts or extreme heat thanks to the influence of the ocean. Many people choose the Canary Islands for holidays or buying property in Spain, appreciating the stable tropical climate.
The Balearic Islands (Mallorca, Ibiza, Menorca) are influenced by a Mediterranean climate similar to the coast of eastern Spain. The summer season lasts about six months, and in winter the temperature usually stays around +10…+15 °C. It is a popular destination for those who want to combine beach holidays and active cultural life.
How to choose a suitable region: main tips
1. Assess your heat tolerance
If a long dry summer with temperatures of +35 °C and above seems exhausting, it may be worth paying attention to the northern cities of Spain or coastal areas with a cool sea breeze. Lovers of truly hot sun will like the south and central parts.
2. Decide on the purpose of your trip or immigration
For long-term residence or permanent residence, not only beaches are important, but also infrastructure, availability of work, schools, clinics. If the goal is to enjoy the warm weather all year round, the Canary Islands are optimal. Lovers of active cultural life and capital opportunities will like Madrid (the capital of Spain) taking into account its continental features.
3. Consider your health condition
People with cardiovascular diseases or allergies sometimes find it difficult to tolerate a too hot and dry climate. However, arid regions are beneficial for those who are contraindicated to high humidity. Plus, it is important to consider the prevalence of allergens, especially during the flowering season.
4. Duration of the beach season
If you plan to spend more time relaxing by the sea, pay attention to regions with a longer swimming season – Costa Blanca, Costa del Sol, the southern part of the Mediterranean. In the Balearic Islands it is comfortable to swim for about half a year, and in the Canary Islands – almost all year round.
5. Real estate and economic factors
Real estate in Spain in popular resorts is usually more expensive than in less touristy areas. At the same time, in hot regions there are more offers of apartments with swimming pools and infrastructure. In the center of the country, for example in Madrid, housing prices are often high due to the capital's opportunities. When choosing a place for permanent residence, we advise you to evaluate not only the climate, but also the local labor market, taxation features and the cost of housing maintenance.
Seasonal recommendations for travelers
Spring and autumn
Spring (March-May) and autumn (September-November) are the most favorable periods for sightseeing trips. The weather is comfortable, you can enjoy walks, festivals, national holidays and moderate hotel prices.
Summer
June, July and August is a time of high solar activity, when the southern and eastern regions of Spain have exhausting heat. The beach season is in full swing, but accommodation prices are also at their peak. This is the best time for holidays in the Mediterranean, if you tolerate high temperatures well.
Winter
Winter (December-February) can be rainy in the north and dry but cool in the center of the country. On the Canary Islands it is warm and sunny during this period, and ski resorts open in the mountainous areas. For shopping tours and Christmas mood, cities of Spain with developed shopping centers, where winter sales are often held, are suitable.
Conclusion
Spain offers a wide range of climatic conditions: from an abundance of rain and mild temperatures in the northern regions to the tropical stability of the Canary Islands and the sultry beaches of Andalusia. Before choosing a region for permanent residence, buying property or regular vacations, it is necessary to soberly assess your own preferences, health condition and budget. The right climate will allow you not only to enjoy the sun and the sea, but also to ensure a comfortable life all year round.
